Effondrement : Comment les sociétés décident de leur disparition ou de leur survie
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- Create Date：2021-08-28 03:52:12
- Update Date：2025-09-06
- Status：finish
- Author：Jared Diamond
- ISBN：2070364305
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Summary
La question : «Comment des sociétés ont-elles disparu dans le passé ？» peut aussi se formuler : «Au rythme actuel de la croissance démographique， et particulièrement de l'augmentation des besoins économiques， de santé et en énergie， les sociétés contemporaines pourront-elles survivre demain ？» La réponse se formule à partir d'un tour du monde dans l'espace et dans le temps - depuis les sociétés disparues du passé （les îles de Pâques， de Pitcairn et d'Henderson ; les Indiens mimbres et anasazis du sud-ouest des États-Unis ; les sociétés moche et inca ; les colonies vikings du Groenland） aux sociétés fragilisées d'aujourd'hui （Rwanda， Haïti et Saint-Domingue， la Chine， le Montana et l'Australie） en passant par les sociétés qui surent， à un moment donné， enrayer leur effondrement （la Nouvelle-Guinée， Tipokia et le Japon de l'ère Tokugawa）。 De cette étude comparée， et sans pareille， Jared Diamond conclut qu'il n'existe aucun cas dans lequel l'effondrement d'une société ne serait attribuable qu'aux seuls dommages écologiques。 Plusieurs facteurs， au nombre de cinq， entrent toujours potentiellement en jeu : des dommages environnementaux ; un changement climatique ; des voisins hostiles ; des rapports de dépendance avec des partenaires commerciaux ; les réponses apportées par une société， selon ses valeurs propres， à ces problèmes。 Cette complexité des facteurs permet de croire qu'il n'y a rien d'inéluctable aujourd'hui dans la course accélérée à la dégradation globalisée de l'environnement。 Une dernière partie recense， pour le lecteur citoyen et consommateur， à partir d'exemples de mobilisations réussies， les voies par lesquelles il peut d'ores et déjà peser afin que， dans un avenir que nous écrirons tous， le monde soit durable et moins inéquitable aux pauvres et démunis。
Reviews
Muhammad Romadlon
，
Good
Mira Todorova
，
Love Jared Diamond's perspective。 Thoughtful and educated， although some people may find him a bit pessimistic。 Interesting facts and lots of history。 Love Jared Diamond's perspective。 Thoughtful and educated， although some people may find him a bit pessimistic。 Interesting facts and lots of history。 。。。more
Abigail
，
Phenomenal content — I learned a LOT — but a bit dense in places。 Took me a lot longer to read than I expected， but I’m glad I read it！ It’s interesting， seeing as this book was published originally in 2005， to draw parallels between Diamond’s ideas then to actual circumstances now， in 2021。 Especially since the UN published its climate report last week， citing a “code red for humanity。” Spoiler alert， Jared Diamond was right about a LOT。
Ali Hashemian
，
Not mine:فروپاشی اثر جرد دایموند در در سال ۲۰۰۵ منتشر شد。 دایموند در اثر پیش‌رو داده‌های ارزشمندی از تاریخ در اختیار ما قرار می‌دهد تا شاید از آن‌ها بیاموزیم و در مسیر صحیح گام برداریم。 او اعتقاد دارد حتی ثروتمندترین و پیشرفته‌ترین جوامع امروزی با مسائل محیط زیستی و اقتصادی فزاینده‌ای روبه‌رو هستند که نباید دست‌کم گرفته شوند。 دایموند در فروپاشی این پرسش را مطرح می‌کند که چه عواملی موجب شدند برخی از بزرگترین تمدن‌های گذشته به ویرانه تبدیل شوند و از سرنوشت آن‌ها چه چیزهایی می‌توانیم بیاموزیم؟ او د Not mine:فروپاشی اثر جرد دایموند در در سال ۲۰۰۵ منتشر شد。 دایموند در اثر پیش‌رو داده‌های ارزشمندی از تاریخ در اختیار ما قرار می‌دهد تا شاید از آن‌ها بیاموزیم و در مسیر صحیح گام برداریم。 او اعتقاد دارد حتی ثروتمندترین و پیشرفته‌ترین جوامع امروزی با مسائل محیط زیستی و اقتصادی فزاینده‌ای روبه‌رو هستند که نباید دست‌کم گرفته شوند。 دایموند در فروپاشی این پرسش را مطرح می‌کند که چه عواملی موجب شدند برخی از بزرگترین تمدن‌های گذشته به ویرانه تبدیل شوند و از سرنوشت آن‌ها چه چیزهایی می‌توانیم بیاموزیم؟ او در ادامه نظریه‌ای جامع و جهانی را با کمک داستان‌های تاریخی و فرهنگی ارائه می‌کند。 دایموند اعتقاد دارد آسیب‌های محیط زیستی، تغییرات اقلیمی، رشد سریع جمعیت و تصمیمات سیاسی نادرست در دوره‌های گذشته زمینه سقوط جوامع را فراهم آورده‌اند。 هرچند در این میان جوامعی نیز بودند که راه حلی برای مشکلات خود یافتند و به حیات خود ادامه دادند。 او می‌افزاید انسان مدرن نیز با مشکلات مشابهی مواجه است؛ بنابراین بررسی و تحلیل سرنوشت گذشتگان می‌تواند راه حل غلبه بر این مشکلات باشد。جرد دایموند به شیوه‌ای هشداردهنده و با قلمی در شأن برنده جایزه ارزشمند پولیتزر، حساس ترین و مهم ترین مسائل زیست محیطی دنیای کنونی را به صورتی داستان گونه شرح داده است。 داستانی که آیینه ای برای بازتاب گذشته است و آینده ای سخت را می نمایاند؛ با هشداری جدی بر خطر فروپاشی که داستان گذشته و آینده ماست！ همه ما！ کتاب صرفأ دانشگاهی نیست، بلکه عمومی است و داستان وار و جذاب که خواننده را دنبال خود می کشاند。 。。。more
Brandon
，
This book could have been 200 pages shorter with decent editing。
Carlo Ordonez
，
It has been at least a decade since I've read this book， and I lent it out to some friends， where it did not get back to me。 In any case， I was introduced to "Collapse" in an environmental studies class almost two decades ago。 I found the narrative of the chapter we read engaging， so I told myself to make sure to read that book。 I enjoyed Diamond's exposition throughout the book， but I think most of my enjoyment came from this being my first "in-depth" look at these lost societies。 If you don't It has been at least a decade since I've read this book， and I lent it out to some friends， where it did not get back to me。 In any case， I was introduced to "Collapse" in an environmental studies class almost two decades ago。 I found the narrative of the chapter we read engaging， so I told myself to make sure to read that book。 I enjoyed Diamond's exposition throughout the book， but I think most of my enjoyment came from this being my first "in-depth" look at these lost societies。 If you don't know much about the inhabitants of Easter Island or Viking Greenland， then you can get a good primer on some of their life through this book。 I'd like to reread this book again someday。 。。。more
Raptor Da Chronic
，
Nice story
Volodymyr
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This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it， click here。 Since being published in 2005， this book should be read by many to understand well， with what future we might face， if we gonna go the same way those societies from the past did。 This book is actual as never before！ Chapter about mining was challenging， though。It's the second book written by J。Diamond， I've read。 Sometimes it ain't easy to read， but his books are definitely full of useful， important and insightful data。 Since being published in 2005， this book should be read by many to understand well， with what future we might face， if we gonna go the same way those societies from the past did。 This book is actual as never before！ Chapter about mining was challenging， though。It's the second book written by J。Diamond， I've read。 Sometimes it ain't easy to read， but his books are definitely full of useful， important and insightful data。 。。。more
Eloi Codina
，
Well， well， well。。。this book is a masterpiece。 It's taken me a long time （at least to my standards） to finish the last chapters， but even though Diamond doesn't get to the point as quickly as he could， the read is definetely worht it。By using collapsed societies' examples， the author explains the factors that determine the success or failure of a society， combining historical knowledge with climatic， biological， antropological and geographical ones。In risk to oversimplify the book， I'd say that Well， well， well。。。this book is a masterpiece。 It's taken me a long time （at least to my standards） to finish the last chapters， but even though Diamond doesn't get to the point as quickly as he could， the read is definetely worht it。By using collapsed societies' examples， the author explains the factors that determine the success or failure of a society， combining historical knowledge with climatic， biological， antropological and geographical ones。In risk to oversimplify the book， I'd say that Diamond's whole point is something close to "don't be fucking idiots and take care of the planet"。 。。。more
Josh
，
Freaky if True。Written a while ago， but even more pressing today。 Diamond talks about societal collapse from ecological stress in both modern and historical contexts。 His thesis reminded me a lot of that of limits to growth， which I read last summer
Mathias
，
Sehr gute Darstellung der ökologischen Probleme einiger kollabierter Zivilistationen （Maya， Normannisch Grönland， Osterinseln， Ankor， 。。。） und einiger welcher ihrer Probleme in den Griff bekommen haben （Island， Japan， 。。。）。 Dabei spannt der Autor den Bogen eher weiter und geht auch auf die Empfindlichkeit der jeweiligen Ökosysteme ein und diskutiert vor allem Probleme des Umweltschutzes und der Ökologie。 Gleichzeitig reicht die Diskussion， aber auch in Bereiche der Massenpsychologie und der Gese Sehr gute Darstellung der ökologischen Probleme einiger kollabierter Zivilistationen （Maya， Normannisch Grönland， Osterinseln， Ankor， 。。。） und einiger welcher ihrer Probleme in den Griff bekommen haben （Island， Japan， 。。。）。 Dabei spannt der Autor den Bogen eher weiter und geht auch auf die Empfindlichkeit der jeweiligen Ökosysteme ein und diskutiert vor allem Probleme des Umweltschutzes und der Ökologie。 Gleichzeitig reicht die Diskussion， aber auch in Bereiche der Massenpsychologie und der Gesellschaftsanalyse。 Stilistisch gibt es an diesem Buch sicher einiges zu bemängeln und einfacher und kurzweiliger Stoff ist es sicher nicht。 Inhaltlich ist es aber in jedem Fall lesenswert und beginnt notwendige und interessante Diskussionen。 。。。more
Fazrin Jamal
，
BOOK REVIEWJared Diamond， as you all already know， is my #1 non-fiction author and he does not disappoint in his 2005 international bestseller， Collapse。The author examines several societies， past and present that had collapsed or on the verge of collapsing e。g。 the Norse Greenland， the Anasazi， the Mayan， Haitians and Rwandans。The author explains geographical factors such as land fertility， climate， remoteness and availability of wild animals for domestication， inter alia play a pivotal role in BOOK REVIEWJared Diamond， as you all already know， is my #1 non-fiction author and he does not disappoint in his 2005 international bestseller， Collapse。The author examines several societies， past and present that had collapsed or on the verge of collapsing e。g。 the Norse Greenland， the Anasazi， the Mayan， Haitians and Rwandans。The author explains geographical factors such as land fertility， climate， remoteness and availability of wild animals for domestication， inter alia play a pivotal role in the survival of society。 However， the author does not believe in geographical determinism and correctly put the blame for these societies' collapses on themselves。 For example， the Easter Islanders cut trees on their small， isolated island for four centuries in order to transport and erect their mega statues。 They also practised cremation instead of burial。 These， unbeknownst to them， caused soil erosion and infertility。 The Norse Greenland， on the other hand， refused to adopt Inuit's way of life， hunting technique and technology due to their disgust of Inuit's pagan identity。 Whereas Inuit still exist in Greenland today， Norse perished in 14th century due to their own arrogant attitude。The author further explains the many challenges facing our globalised world e。g。 global warming， overpopulation and desertification and how we can tackle them。 To be honest， I'm half pesimistic / half optimistic that the world can be healed。 On one hand， there's Niger with fertility rate of 7 children per one woman; on the other hand， there are more forest today in India and China （the so-called Green Wall to hold back the expansion of Gobi Desert implemented by the communist regime） than 30 years ago。 I'm of the opinion that we need to expand our space programme to look for Planet B， just in case our human race destroyed Earth。I guess we can only wait and see what would happen 20 and 50 years now。 In the mean time， I'll do some of the author's many recommendations。🌟 🌟 🌟 🌟Read from June 20 - July 23#jareddiamond #nonfiction #collapse #bookrecommendations #bookreview #anthropology 。。。more
Valérie Tschirpig
，
A highly compelling book that that lives up to the expectations resulting from the title - it describes slightly more than a dozen factors influencing the existence （or downfall） of societies。 The author brilliantly intertwines both natural and social sciences， and his reasoning always felt convincing。 The list of references is likewise very comprehensive。 A small drawback （yet not enough to remove a star） were the clear boundaries the author drew between "developed" and "developing" countries， A highly compelling book that that lives up to the expectations resulting from the title - it describes slightly more than a dozen factors influencing the existence （or downfall） of societies。 The author brilliantly intertwines both natural and social sciences， and his reasoning always felt convincing。 The list of references is likewise very comprehensive。 A small drawback （yet not enough to remove a star） were the clear boundaries the author drew between "developed" and "developing" countries， although this distinction may be the result of the book's age （written in 2005 - becomes also obvious when the author makes assumptions about the world in 2008 or 2020）。 。。。more
Rohan Sen
，
3。5 actually。。。。
Ben Jones
，
>3000 reviews - can I add anything new？ Unlikely， so let's keep it short。 JD's previous book Guns， Germs and Steel was fantastic， one of those all-encompassing texts that explains how/why everything on earth happened through scientific facts。 This one is just as good， with a focus on planning for the future rather than just the past。 A quotation from p。 498: "Our world society is presently on a non-sustainable course， and any of our 12 problems of non-sustainability that we have just summarized >3000 reviews - can I add anything new？ Unlikely， so let's keep it short。 JD's previous book Guns， Germs and Steel was fantastic， one of those all-encompassing texts that explains how/why everything on earth happened through scientific facts。 This one is just as good， with a focus on planning for the future rather than just the past。 A quotation from p。 498: "Our world society is presently on a non-sustainable course， and any of our 12 problems of non-sustainability that we have just summarized would suffice to limit our lifestyle within the next several decades" （but he still ends with a "position of cautious optimism"）。 People may dispute some of his arguments but I think the central thrust is coherent and persuasive， and everybody ought to read it。 I'll read many books in a day， but this one took me a month， and I felt as though it had taken me through a degree course。 Wonderful。 。。。more
Christopher Elliott
，
This book copped alot more criticism than it deserved in my humble opinion。 The archaeology is not always correct but the conclusions and reasoning are mostly sound。
EP
，
This book was written over 15 years ago and has predicted a lot of what is happening now。 Mr。 Diamond is painting a very dark but realistic explanation of where modern society is heading， using past societies experiences。 I learned a lot; in fact， I wish I could have attended one of his lectures。 I'm glad I read it but it put me in a mild depression， as while I was reading it， the worst fires yet were happening in North America。 I do not share Mr Diamond's positive hopes of us getting out of an This book was written over 15 years ago and has predicted a lot of what is happening now。 Mr。 Diamond is painting a very dark but realistic explanation of where modern society is heading， using past societies experiences。 I learned a lot; in fact， I wish I could have attended one of his lectures。 I'm glad I read it but it put me in a mild depression， as while I was reading it， the worst fires yet were happening in North America。 I do not share Mr Diamond's positive hopes of us getting out of an imminent collapse。 。。。more
Kate Doderer
，
When thinking about the potential collapse of our society it is easy to be overwhelmed or feel hopeless but Diamond does a good job of giving his readers a sense of urgency and hope as he compares ancient and modern societies。
John
，
An enlightening set of arguments relating the experience of prior collapsed societies to the current world we live in。
Ellie
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Interesting， informative， and enlightening。 But good lord it would’ve been a hell of a lot better if it had been about 200 pages shorter。 This man knows how to waffle。
Emily
，
I FINISHED IT （dozed through the last like 10% but it still counts）
Alexander Theofanidis
，
Not as good as "Weapons， germs and steel" that preceded it， but definitely an interesting book。 Sometimes the author seems to lose a bit of his focus on the main topic and wanders around moralizing， tending to wishful thinking， but that is certainly not a reason to discard the book。 He could also be "accused of leniency" （sic） toward large industries， but I would not lightly condemn the author。 Not as good as "Weapons， germs and steel" that preceded it， but definitely an interesting book。 Sometimes the author seems to lose a bit of his focus on the main topic and wanders around moralizing， tending to wishful thinking， but that is certainly not a reason to discard the book。 He could also be "accused of leniency" （sic） toward large industries， but I would not lightly condemn the author。 。。。more
Josh Webster
，
Finished！ For all who have known this journey would know that this has been a 5 year+ adventure。 It has finally come to a close。 The book is dense， informational as a textbook， long and as dry as the atacama desert。 You may ask， why finish it？ Because it is so good。。。 in regard to its informational quality。 But it is a challenge to read even 10 pages at a time。 TLDR; damaging the environment causes collapses。
Marius Colacioiu
，
This is a great book to read， which educated me both on historical aspects of past civilization， but also learning about environmental problems， their causes and how they can be avoided。Great read！ One of my favorites！
Andreia
，
7/10
Jared
，
Really interesting read to understand the fall of some previous civilisations。
Thomas
，
Good book， docuemntary with actionable insights for real world。 Suffers a bit from its age， and is sometimes verbose。
John Hervig
，
If you want to know what led to the downfall of history's most iconic failures， you'll not find much here。 What you find is the more mysterious disappearances， the most unusual success stories and the continual mismanagement of the Earth has it's predecessors。 If you want to know what led to the downfall of history's most iconic failures， you'll not find much here。 What you find is the more mysterious disappearances， the most unusual success stories and the continual mismanagement of the Earth has it's predecessors。 。。。more
Mustafa Al
，
Very important read to understand the causes that led past/present societies to fail & collapse。It gives valuable lessons & also offers good example of why some societies managed to survive。One important feature of the book is it is balanced view when it comes to the big business & environment interaction。 Although the author is a dedicated environmentalist， he offered a realistic vision in how big business （including oil ， mining 。。etc） along with the societies， governments & environmentalists Very important read to understand the causes that led past/present societies to fail & collapse。It gives valuable lessons & also offers good example of why some societies managed to survive。One important feature of the book is it is balanced view when it comes to the big business & environment interaction。 Although the author is a dedicated environmentalist， he offered a realistic vision in how big business （including oil ， mining 。。etc） along with the societies， governments & environmentalists can work together for a sustainable future。The book should be a must for government heads ， business leaders so past mistakes can be avoided & our children can live in a better future。 。。。more
Dedy Davitra
，